Hyperspectral Imaging
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What is hyperspectral imaging?
All materials and compounds absorb, emit, and reflect differently when interacting with light, and hyperspectral imaging is a non-destructive measurement method for identifying different materials and defining their properties.
By using this measurement method, it is possible to obtain the spectral pattern "spectral signature" of absorption and reflection peculiar to each substance. The spectrum is expressed in terms of light intensity and wavelength.
The following shows the output of each point in the measurement wavelength region and the two-dimensional value in the equipment using the imaging device.
| Machine | Measurement wavelength range | Output |
|---|---|---|
| RGB camera | Visible range | Number of RGB bits |
| Imaging color luminance meter | Visible range | Tristimulus value (each XYZ value) |
| Near infrared camera | Near infrared range | Amount of energy |
| Hyperspectral camera (using CMOS sensor) | Visible + near infrared range (~ 1000nm) | Spectrum data * Scanning required |
| Hyperspectral camera (using InGaAs sensor) | Near infrared range (around 1000 to 1700 nm) | Spectrum data * Scanning required |
The "near-infrared camera" receives light in the near-infrared region of a certain wavelength range and outputs an image, or outputs the amount of near-infrared energy in that wavelength range. Output is difficult, which is a big difference from hyperspectral cameras.
The hyperspectral camera has the great feature of being able to obtain spectral data for each measurement point, and realizes the following:
- Advanced analysis
- Highly accurate detection
- Accurate identification
The hyperspectral camera can obtain 3D information (2D spectral data) of the object to be measured. Hyperspectral imaging data is called a "data cube" because the hyperspectral information is three-dimensional.
The 3D information refers to the 2D position information and the spectral data obtained for each pixel of the image of the object to be measured.
Since hyperspectral cameras differ in the spectral wavelength range that can be acquired depending on the model, it is necessary to
select the optimum camera depending on the object.